Search results for "Negative association"

Teacher-rated aggression and co-occurring behaviors and problems among schoolchildren: A comparison of four population-based European cohorts

2019

AbstractAggressive behavior in school is an ongoing concern, with the current focus mostly on specific manifestations such as bullying and extreme violence. Children spend a substantial amount of time in school, but their behaviors in the school setting tend to be less well characterized than in the home setting. Since aggression may index multiple behavioral problems, we assessed associations of teacher-rated aggressive behavior with co-occurring externalizing/internalizing problems and social behavior in 39,936 schoolchildren from 4 population-based cohorts from Finland, the Netherlands, and the UK. Mean levels of aggressive behavior differed significantly by gender. Correlations of aggre…

2021

Aggressive behavior in school is an ongoing concern. The current focus is on specific manifestations such as bullying, but the behavior is broad and heterogenous. Children spend a substantial amount of time in school, but their behaviors in the school setting tend to be less well characterized than at home. Because aggression may index multiple behavioral problems, we used three validated instruments to assess means, correlations and gender differences of teacher-rated aggressive behavior with co-occurring externalizing/internalizing problems and social behavior in 39,936 schoolchildren aged 7–14 from 4 population-based cohorts from Finland, the Netherlands, and the UK. Correlations of aggr…

Attitudes toward the SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Vaccination in the Metropolitan Cities of Bologna and Palermo, Italy

2021

Vaccine hesitancy (VH) is known to play a relevant role in thwarting the efforts toward reaching satisfactory influenza vaccination coverage, and has caused similar difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to describe the phenomenon and produce insights on the reasons behind VH. A survey was administered between December 2020 and February 2021 to adults living in the cities of Bologna and Palermo. Of the 443 subjects enrolled, 47.3% were likely to get the influenza vaccination, while 75.6% were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccination. The most frequent determinants that motivated the willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine were trust in the safety of vaccines and belie…

Chronic skin disease and levels of physical activity in 17 777 Spanish adults: a cross-sectional study

2021

Background: To date there is limited literature on the prevalence of chronic skin conditions and its association with levels of physical activity (PA) in Spain. Aim: To determine the prevalence of chronic skin disease and to compare levels of PA between people with and without chronic skin disease in a large representative sample of Spanish adults aged 15–69 years. Methods: Data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 were analysed. Chronic skin disease was assessed using a yes/no question. PA was measured using the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Total PA metabolic equivalent of task min/week were calculated, and PA was included in the analyses as a co…

The cortisol awakening response at admission to hospital predicts depression severity after discharge in MDD patients.

2019

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) dysregulation and altered cortisol awakening response (CAR), a non-invasive biomarker for HPA axis reactivity. We theorized that the CAR resembles the accumulated effects of depression over time, and may therefore predict depressive symptom severity once patients return home following inpatient treatment. Two studies are reported. In Study 1 (n = 101; 57% female), the CAR was measured at intake and self-ratings of depression severity was assessed six weeks following discharge. Study 2 (n = 127; 58% female) was a replication and extension of Study 1 where a follow-up assessment of self-rated depressi…

Immunologic diseases and brain tumors

2010

To do a bibliographic review of the given association of atopic [AD] and immunological diseases with central nerve system tumors [CNST] described a few years ago and to know the knowledge available. It gives an overview of the studies describing this association, and those explaining its mechanism. A negative association of AD with CNST stands out in case-control studies, which is not observed in cohort studies. The greatest association is seen for gliomas and is less significant for meningiomas. A clearer definition for the AD under study, tumour types, and the exact biochemical and clinical parameters to help diagnoses are the recommended as well as to establish an aetiologic and temporal…

¿Están los rasgos de personalidad asociados al bienestar psicológico?

2019

espanolExiste poca informacion de como los rasgos de personalidad puede afectar al bienestar psicologico. Los estudios senalan que el neuroticismo y la extraversion son los rasgos que mayor vinculacion poseen con el bienestar psicologico. En este estudio se investigo como los rasgos de personalidad se asocian a las seis dimensiones del bienestar psicologico en una muestra de adultos mayores espanoles. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 224 adultos mayores a los que se aplicaron las escalas de bienestar psicologico y el cuestionario NEO-FFI. Se analizaron los resultados mediante regresion lineal multiple. Se obtuvieron asocia-ciones significativas en todas las dimensiones del bienestar psicolog…

Maternal teaching of reading and children's reading skills in Grade 1: Patterns and predictors of positive and negative associations

2013

Abstract The main aim of the study was to identify subgroups of children based on the associations between the reported frequency of maternal teaching of reading and children's reading skills, and whether these subgroups differ with respect to mother-related (i.e., education, controlling behavior, and emotions in homework situations) and child-related (i.e., reading habits and gender) background factors. Data were gathered from 1460 mother–child dyads. The reading skills of 6- to 7-year-old Finnish-speaking children were measured at the beginning and at the end of Grade 1. Information from mothers was gathered by questionnaires. Regression Mixture Modeling identified four latent subgroups o…

Corporate governance and company performance across Sub-Saharan African countries

2013

Accepted version of an article from Journal of Economics and Business This paper examines the extent to which publicly listed companies across Sub-Saharan African countries have adopted “good corporate governance” practices. We investigate the association of these practices with companies’ accounting performance and market valuation. The findings indicate that companies across Sub-Saharan Africa have only partly implemented good corporate governance practices. We find a positive association between our constructed index of good corporate governance practices and accounting performance. However, we find a negative association between the corporate governance index and the market valuation. W…

The Impact of Corporate Governance on Internet Financial Reporting in Concentrated Ownership Companies

2013

In the context of agency theory this study investigates the effect of corporate governance (CG) on Internet Fianncial Reporting disclosure (IFR) in concentrated ownership envitonment, such as Italy. We hypothesize that IFR may be explain in term of increasing trasparency in order to defen minority shareholder interest, so we predict, and find, a positive association between the extent of a firm's IFR and its CG and a negative assocaition between IFR and ownership structure. Abstract. This study investigates, upon agency theory, the effect of corporate governance (CG) on Internet Financial Reporting disclosure (IFR) in an ownership concentrated environment, such as Ita-ly. We hypothesize tha…